Turbojet Engine Introduction
A turbojet engine is an engine that generates all of its force by discharging energy in a gas stream from the nozzle of the exhaust engine. The turbojet engine was developed or built by the aero scientists of Germany and Britain during the period of world war 2.
Turbojet engines are very important nowadays because they generate more thrust than the propeller engine. The temperature which can operate is high, which means it can operate at high temperatures.
In this article, you will learn about turbojet engines, how they work and how they run the airplane. And Advantages of turbojet engines and disadvantages of turbojet engines, and many more. I hope this article gives you some quality content and it will help you.
How Does Turbojet Engine Work?
Gas turbines are also called turbojet engines. The only first type of gas turbine is nothing but a turbojet. Many of you have questions about how a turbojet engine works. Firstly we will see about the basics of the turbojet engine.
Here we are talking about what happens inside the Engine when air passes through the Engine. Air in large amounts inlet the Engine. In countries like England, they call it proper intake, but from when it gets pulled into the Engine by the compressor.
In the diagram, we show the inlet, which is tube-shaped. These inlets come in many different sizes. It depends on the mission of an aircraft. In the inlet rear, the air enters the compressor, and it acts like there are many airfoils.
The compressor is similar to a fan, which means we need to supply electricity to the fan to turn it on, the same way we require energy to turn the compressor. The jet is running slower than sound speed, and the Engine of that aircraft is running in the air at about 600km/h to 1000km/h.
The fan at the front of the Engine pulls the air into the aircraft engine and moves it through the inlet. Because of this fan, the flow of air becomes slow by 50 to 60 percent, and the speed remains at 400km/h.
In aircraft, there is a dual fan called a compressor which pushes the air eight times and increases the temperature quickly.
All the aircraft’s fuel is stored in the aircraft wings because the aircraft’s wings are the aircraft’s fuel tank. Fuel(kerosene) is flown into the aircraft’s Engine from the wings of an aircraft.
There is a chamber of combustion just behind the compressor; the furl(kerosene) gets mixed with compressed air and burns. And it gives hot exhaust gasses off, which increases the temperature.
This mixture of burning then reaches a temperature of 900 degrees Celsius. Then, the gas will rush towards the turbine blades and spin like a windmill as the gas will lose the same amount of energy gained by a turbine. And this will happen because of cooling down and losing pressure.
The Engine has a long axle to which turbine blades are connected, and the compressor and the fan are also connected to the axel. As the turbine blade starts spinning, the compressor and the fan also turn.
Through exhaust nozzles, hot exhaust gasses exit the Engine. As from the pipe, water gets pushed fastly into a fast jet. The exhaust nozzle, which has a design like tapering these designs, helps the gas to accelerate to a speed of 2100 km/h.
The Engine which leaves hot air in the back has twice the speed of the cold air which is entering from the front of the Engine of an aircraft, and the aircraft gets the power to fly in the sky with such a heavyweight.
Army or military jets have afterburners that flow the fuel inside the jet exhaust to generate the extra thrust in the aircraft. The hot gasses moving backward of the engine power the plane to run or fly in the forward direction.
It happens because the aircraft’s weight is heavier than the exhaust gasses generated in the Engine. These exhaust gasses need to go back faster than the aircraft’s speed.
In-depth, you will see that each component of the aircraft engine works differently in the air or by passing fuel mixture.
- Exhaust nozzle
- Compressor
- Combustion chamber
#1. Exhaust Nozzle
The exhaust nozzle fastly increases the exhaust gasses velocity to power the plane to fly in the air.
#2. Compressor
Compressor fastly increases the air pressure as well as its temperature.
#3. Combustion Chamber
The combustion chamber fastly increases the air-fuel mixture temperature by losing the energy of heat from the fuel.
Turbojets Engine
In simple language turbojets, the engine means the aircraft engine which uses oxygen from the atmosphere to burn the fuel and generate the thrust.
- The concept used in aircraft with a turbojet engine is very easy and simple.
- The Engine of an aircraft takes the air from the rear side of the Engine and then compresses it in the compressor.
- But at the same time, it is necessary to add fuel to the combustion chamber and burn to increase the fluid mixture temperature by 1000 degrees.
- This process produces hot air and passes from the turbine, which rotates the compressor.
- The pressure created when the turbine gets discharged should be twice the pressure in the atmosphere.
- It depends on the level of efficiency of an engine that is used in the aircraft.
- The imprudent pressure then transfers to the nozzle by which gas streams get generated.
- The parts which are in the turbojet engine are inlets. A gas engine turbine consists of a compressor, turbine, combustion chamber, and exhaust nozzle.
Air is drained into the turbojet engine by inlet and compressed, and the compressor heats them. After that, fuel is filled in the chamber of combustion and then ignited. The burned fuel adds energy to the exhaust stream by expanding air and heating.
With the help of the turbine, energy gets extracted from the exhaust stream to drive the compressor. It produces thrust with the help of the remainder of exhaust energy.
As nozzles pass the exhaust gas, it accelerates at high speed as propulsion expands. The thrust the turbojet engine produces will increase selectively by re-heating into the Engine’s design.
If you know the principle of the small relative mass of air to high speed, you will easily catch up with the concept of working the turbojet engine.
If the accelerated air speed exceeds the plane speed, it achieves optimum efficiency. To match the speed, the Engine is more efficient and quiet due to the lower speed and greater mass of stream exhaust as it leaves the Engine.
Turbojet Engine for Sale
Normally, turbojet engines are expensive. At the time of selling turbojet engines, its price was nearly about 10 million dollars to 40 million dollars for each Engine.
Some Facts About the (Jet Engine)
On the other hand, many commercial aircraft use multiple types of engines. The cost of production of such engines is expensive. Companies like Aerospace manufacture different types of jet engines for every type of commercial aircraft. As a result, costs for such commercial aircraft are high as they sell them.
Maxine Guillaume, in the 1900s, filed the first patent for the jet engine. Guillaume suggested an axial-flow turbojet engine in his patent to use in the aircraft. Maxine Guillaume never built the engine jet, but the patent he has offers the framework for other types of jet engines.
It produces about thirty-thousand(30,000) horsepower. It is normal for the jet engine to produce thirty-thousand horsepower. Cars and trucks use engines that generate about 100 to 200 horsepower.
On the other hand, aircraft need stronger engines to lift the plane’s weight in the air. As the weight of a vehicle increases, it requires a more powerful engine.
All jet engines are not the same. Many different types of jet engines are used in aircraft, and these engines work differently. Many of the aircraft use airbreathing jet engines. These airbreathing jet engines are efficient and provide sufficient amounts of thrust.
While other aircraft use gas turbine engines, these engines of gas turbines are a type of rotary Engine that generate thrust. The engines which are commonly used in aircraft are turbojet engines. These engines are designed to compress the air as they are mixed with fuel to produce combustion.
Engines of the turbojet burn the mixture of compressed air and fuel to produce force and thrust to fly the aircraft between air. All the aircraft engines which use jet engines in their aircraft are a thrust-to-weight Ratio.
If the jet engine is heavy, it needs more thrust to fly the airplane in the air. In case an airplane jet engine fails to generate enough thrust. The aircraft engine struggled to keep it in the air. The thrust-to-weight ratio of the jet engine is 1.9 to 100.
Small Turbojet Engine
People think that Williams was the first who built and invented the first tiny jet engines, but it is not true. In the 1950s, french-built Turbomeca Palas, the palas grew the marble series that powered the Engine of the small army jets.
The smallest turbojet engine is the TRS-18 to date. It is the smallest turbojet engine that powers an aircraft.
When it comes to the cost of small jet engines depends on the variant and model; small aircraft engines can cost between $50,000 to $80,000, which is not much more expensive than that of other large aircraft.
On the other hand, the cost of a turbojet engine is nearly about 15 million dollars to 35 million dollars. Many people don’t know how much thrust the small turbojet engine generates. With its low weight, it can generate nearly 1,500N. The output of the generator is 750 W.
Advantages of Turbojet Engines
There are various advantages of turbojet engine which are as follows.
- The construction of the turbojet engine is simple, and the power ratio is low.
- In climbing, it has a high rating.
- The numbering of the mating parts is less. That’s the cause of less wear.
- Low cost of maintenance for turbojet engine
- The turbojet engines are free of force which is unbalanced; hence they haven’t any vibrations.
- The operation performed at high speed is possible using these turbojet engines.
- In turbojet engines, it allows the use of low-grade fuel.
Disadvantages of Turbojet Engines
There are also some of the disadvantages of turbojet engines which are as follows.
- The efficiency of the turbojet engine reduces at a low speed.
- Turbojets engines are very noisy.
- The turbojet engine has low thrust during take-off and climbing.
- Many viewers have questioned what the main difference between a jet engine (Turbofan jet engine) and a turbojet engine is.
- Turbojet engine the air which get suck move it towards the Engine of aircraft
- On the other hand, jet engines(turbofan jet engines) have a large blade fan that sucks the air outside the aircraft engine.
Why Are Turbojet Engines Essential?
The example for gas turbine engines is nothing but turbojet engines. The principle on which turbojet engines work is Newton’s third law.
An engine like a turbojet is a closed cycle of a turbine engine used in the aircraft. The Engine burns the fuel and uses components like a propeller, turbine, compressor, etc.
Frequently asked questions (FAQs) that could be included in your article about turbojet engines:
What is a turbojet engine and how does it work?
A turbojet engine is a type of gas turbine engine used in aircraft propulsion. It operates by compressing incoming air, mixing it with fuel, igniting the mixture, and then exhausting the hot gases through a nozzle to produce thrust.
What are the main components of a turbojet engine?
The main components include an inlet, compressor, combustion chamber, turbine, and exhaust nozzle. Each plays a crucial role in the engine’s operation, from air intake to propulsion.
What are the advantages of turbojet engines?
Turbojet engines offer simplicity in construction, high power-to-weight ratio, and efficient operation at high speeds. They are also capable of using lower-grade fuels.
What are the disadvantages of turbojet engines?
They tend to be less efficient at low speeds, generate high noise levels, and have lower thrust during takeoff compared to newer engine types like turbofans.
How do turbojet engines compare to turbofan engines (jet engines)?
Turbojet engines operate by accelerating all air through the engine core, while turbofans use a combination of a core engine and a fan that bypasses some air around the core, providing additional thrust and improved fuel efficiency.
Why are turbojet engines important in aviation?
Turbojet engines played a pivotal role in early jet-powered aircraft and continue to be used in certain military applications and high-speed aircraft where their specific characteristics are advantageous.
What advancements have been made in turbojet engine technology?
Over the years, improvements in materials, aerodynamics, and combustion technology have enhanced the efficiency, reliability, and performance of turbojet engines, making them more competitive with newer engine types.
How much do turbojet engines cost?
Prices for turbojet engines vary widely depending on size and application, ranging from several million dollars for commercial models to tens of millions for military-grade engines.
What is the future of turbojet engines in aviation?
While newer engine types like turbofans dominate commercial aviation due to their fuel efficiency, turbojet engines remain relevant in specialized applications requiring high speed and maneuverability.
What are some famous aircraft powered by turbojet engines?
Aircraft such as the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter and the early models of the Boeing 707 were notable for their use of turbojet engines, showcasing their historical significance in aviation development.
